Example of porphyry copper deposit (copper-molybdenum ore) flotation process

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A main metallic copper ore minerals pyrite, chalcopyrite and molybdenite. Secondary metallic minerals are chalcocite, covellite, angle silver ore, gold silver and the like. The main non-metallic minerals are sericite, quartz and so on. The useful mineral inlays in the ore are finer in size, and the chalcopyrite, pyrite, and chalcopyrite are closely symbiotic, and the fine particles are unevenly embedded.
As far as the natural type of ore is concerned, it belongs to the original sulfide ore, the oxidation rate is 4% to 5%, and the muddy water content is not high. The main useful mineral content ratio in ore is: pyrite: chalcopyrite: molybdenite = 320:45:1
The plant adopts the stage grinding and floating process, and obtains three products of copper concentrate, lead concentrate and sulfur concentrate. The precious metals such as gold and silver are mainly concentrated in the copper concentrate. The principle of grinding and floating principle of the factory is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 A porphyry copper ore selection process
A-concentration (slightly); b-third section of grinding and re-selection (omitted)
Mixed flotation - one coarse and one fine two sweep; copper and molybdenum separated from sulfur - one coarse and two fine two sweeps;
Molybdenum and molybdenum--one coarse and three fine sweeps;
The obtained molybdenum concentrate is re-polished and selected four times, and the selected tailings are concentrated back to the III grinding.
Selection indicator
Raw ore grade /%
Concentrate grade /%
Recovery rate/%
molybdenum
copper
sulfur
0.01
0.45~0.53
2.0
≥45
≥25
35
60~70
≥85.5
45
The recovery of a small amount of associated molybdenum ore is complicated. After years of testing, the main experience gained is:
(1) Using a selective Z-200 agent instead of butyl ammonium black drug as a second-stage copper-molybdenum and sulfur separation collector , greatly improving the recovery rate of molybdenum (10%~40%) and reducing The amount of lime and collector can also shorten the flotation time, reduce the number of flotation tanks, save energy and have significant economic benefits.
(2) Mixed flotation cycle. When using the return water of the plant, the ether alcohol is used as the foaming agent, which is higher than the oil index No. 2, but the opposite is true when using the water. Therefore, on-site mixed flotation is mixed with No. 2 oil and ether alcohol to obtain a better mixed flotation index.
(3) Concentrate and remove the drug before the separation of the concentrate, and add the bleaching powder to accelerate the oxidation and desorption of the collector.
(4) Molybdenum and copper separation The molybdenum concentrate is re-grinded and re-selected, and the process of adding sodium sulfide and water glass in stages can obtain qualified molybdenum concentrate and copper concentrate. The recovery rate of molybdenum is also greatly improved.
(5) The mixed flotation cycle adopts a new process of branch flow flotation, which improves the grade and recovery rate of the mixed concentrate and reduces the consumption of the collector and the foaming agent.


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