Ingredients → Smelting → Crushing → Pulverizing → Pressing → Sintering and tempering → Magnetic testing → Machining → Surface treatment → Finished product
The main equipment: melting furnace, crushers group, a jet mill, press molding, vacuum packaging machine, isostatic pressing, sintering furnace, magnetic tester, coreless grinder, surface grinders, slicers, cutting machine, lathe, Drilling machines, profile grinding machines, magnetic meters, flux meters, etc.
1, ingredients: The various product requirements, different formulations, accurate measurement of various materials, which need addition of pure iron oxide layer.
2, smelting: according to different requirements, there are ordinary melting furnace, quick-setting smelting belt melting furnace. Melting furnace: In the high-vacuum furnace chamber, the medium frequency 2500 Hz power supply is used, and the material is heated to about 1650 °C by electromagnetic induction, so that the material is completely melted and fully mixed. Rapid casting in a corresponding ingot mold with rapid water cooling. After a certain period of time, it is completely cooled to 50 °C; the quick-setting smelting furnace: its working principle is the same as that of the ordinary smelting furnace. The difference is in the different casting methods. The casting of the quick-setting smelting furnace is to slowly control the melting. Slowly pouring on a high-speed rotating water-cooled copper roll, under the action of centrifugal force, forming a sheet of 0.3-0.5, which is baked when the material is cooled and cooled to 50 °C. There shall be no oxidation on the surface of the tapped product, and it will pass the quality control inspection and enter the next process.
3, broken: specifically divided into mechanical crushing and hydrogen broken furnace crushing. Firstly, the large steel ingot is broken into small pieces by using the E-breaking machine, and then crushed into a powder of 0.5 mm3 size by a medium crusher under nitrogen protection. The powder is shipped in a vacuum and nitrogen-filled protective drum for the next step of the milling process. If it is a belt piece, it can directly enter the medium crusher. Hydrogen breaking products can directly enter the next step of the milling process.
4, milling: using a jet mill to the powder in the crusher (0.5mm3), using nitrogen as the medium, according to the principle of particle collision, using multiple guns to smash larger particles. Then, a certain particle size powder is sorted by a certain rotation speed of 3-6 μm, and then subjected to gas-solid separation through a cyclone separator to enter a powder container. After the mixing process is carried out by the mixing unit, the next process can be pressed.
5. Pressing type: The process of putting the powder into the mold and using the hydraulic press to make the required shape and shape under the action of a certain external magnetic field. Nitrogen-filled powder in the powder container is used to carry out single-mode weighing of the powder required by the process in a nitrogen or oxygen-discharging space by manual or automatic means. The powder box under the bag or nitrogen protection is put into the cavity of the molding die, and under the action of a strong magnetic field, the orientation and pressing are performed, and then the corresponding reverse magnetic field is demagnetized, the block is taken out, and the vacuum package is quickly performed. The vacuum package generally has 2 layers, and the first layer is manually packaged with a polyethylene film of about 0.03 mm to protect the corners of the block. It is loaded into a relatively thick second layer of polyethylene film bag of about 0.08 mm. Put it into the vacuum packaging machine for pumping, exhausting, heat sealing and reclaiming. The relative density of the blocks pressed by the above process is small, and the density distribution is not uniform. To improve the density of the block and improve the uniformity of density distribution, an isostatic press is required for secondary pressurization. Install the packaged block into the isostatic press chamber, use hydraulic oil or water as the medium, pressurize it to about 20MP, hold it for a certain period of time (3-8 seconds), and put it on the oil filter table. on. Stripping and packaging operations according to the instructions of the team. The intact block is placed in a sintered box, and a turnover container having a function of pumping and nitrogen filling is placed, and the furnace is ready to be loaded into the next process.
6. Sintering (tempering): In the high vacuum space, the high temperature acts on the product, so that the solid particles inside the product are linked to each other, the crystal voids (pores) and the grain boundaries are gradually reduced, and the total volume is transferred by the substance. Shrinkage, increased density, and finally the process of a dense polycrystalline sintered body having a certain microstructure. Place the material box with the material block on the movable furnace frame of the vacuum sintering furnace, place it neatly, cover it, push it into the melting chamber, close the furnace door, and gradually start the vacuum unit. When the vacuum rises to a certain value (5*10) -2Pa), start the heating sintering process to complete the entire sintering process. After completion, fill in the argon gas, start the fan, and quickly cool to 70 ° C, then vacuum 5*10-2Pa, start the heating and tempering process. After completion, it was filled with argon gas and rapidly cooled to 70 ° C for the second step of aging. After the whole process is completed, when it is cooled to 50 °C, deflate, open the door, and take out the furnace, and the sample is taken by the inspector. After passing the test, it can be put into storage for use. The entire blank production process has been completed. The finished product production process can be carried out according to the order. The tempering procedure is a process of stabilizing and improving the intrinsic coercivity.
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