A few days ago, a survey released by the China Die and Mould Industry Association showed that around 20% of mold manufacturing companies were basically unaffected by the financial crisis, and 40% had been affected or greatly affected. According to statistics, last year China's sales of molds were 95 billion yuan, an increase of 9.2% over the previous year, an increase of more than 10 percentage points from the previous year, and the lowest growth rate since 1984 when China’s mold industry had statistical data.
In the face of the crisis, the “Adjustment and Revitalization Plan for the Equipment Manufacturing Industry†passed by the State Council regards upgrading the technology level of molds and manufacturing equipment as its key content, and the related mold projects in the national 16 major science and technology specialties basic equipment functional components projects. It also reflects the important position of the mold industry in the manufacturing industry. Experts in the industry believe that the central government’s stimulus plan to boost domestic demand also presents opportunities for the mold market that is experiencing difficulties.
How to seize the business opportunities of the 4 trillion yuan total investment in construction projects and turn them into real orders for the mold industry? Experts from the China Die and Mould Industry Association pointed out that in the face of unprecedented opportunities, the most basic problem in the development of China's mold industry is to solve the backward status of mold materials and mold-related technologies.
New Opportunities Bring New Challenges “Mold material properties, quality, and variety often affect mold quality, life, and cost. Compared with imported steel, domestic mold steel has a large gap between quality and variety.†China Mold Zhou Yongtai, executive director and senior engineer of the industrial association, admitted in an interview with this reporter.
Taking the automotive mold as an example, the rapid development of China's automobile industry and mold industry put forward higher and newer requirements on the quantity, quality, variety, and performance of mold materials. For example, users of high-standard mold steel materials require very good impact. Toughness, residual element control, high quality, long life, etc.
Because of the variety, specification, quality and performance of the domestic steel, there is still a certain gap between it and the international advanced level, leading to 25% of China's annual high-grade mold must be imported from abroad.
According to Feng Yingyu, general manager of one wins 100 (Beijing) Co., Ltd., a car from microelectronic components to bodywork, tires, etc., contains plastic, glass, copper, aluminum, steel and other components of various strengths and surface states, and this In the production process of any auto parts, if the physical properties, appearance quality, etc. of each part are required to fully meet the design requirements, the quality of the mold must be guaranteed. The user of the mold firstly requires that the mold must not completely fail, that is, the mold must not be cracked as a whole.
Second, the mold user requires that the first and last auto parts have the same physical properties, appearance, and dimensional tolerances, so the mold material must ensure sufficient strength.
Feng Yingyu stated that with the development of lightweight vehicles, the production of die castings tends to use higher pressure, more automatic die casting machines to produce, and therefore, the working conditions of the die are getting worse, which requires that the die materials have excellent red at the same time. Hard (high temperature yield strength) and ductility (plasticity).
“Mold steel is indeed a problem for mold manufacturers, especially for those manufacturers of large and medium-sized molds. For example, large-mold mold steels, domestic mold steels have low selectability and reliability and cannot meet time requirements. Very tight project, so mold manufacturers have to use the imported mold steel with higher cost." Yanfeng Visteon Automotive Decoration Co., Ltd. Die General Manager Wang Yaping thinks so.
New Challenges Underscore Large Gap In the face of a huge market that has just emerged, domestic steel companies are full of emotion and guilt: At present, domestic mold steel can not fully meet the needs of the domestic mold industry.
According to the person in charge of the Mold Materials Committee of the China Die & Mould Industry Association, the domestic mold steel market has lagged behind the development of the mold industry, and it is still not well adapted to the needs of the mold manufacturing industry, mainly in the following aspects:
The first is that the production process of die steel is backward and the quality of steel is poor. For example, the intrinsic quality of domestic common mold steel h13, d2, ld and other varieties can reach the American mold steel general standard astma681, which is an international standard and can basically meet the needs of general mold users at home and abroad. However, the high requirements imposed on users of high-standard die steels, such as impact toughness, residual elemental control of carbides, and high-quality long-life requirements, cannot be satisfied at present. For example, cold work tool steels require various properties such as wear resistance, plastic deformation resistance, chipping resistance, crack resistance of the entire part, machinability, and grindability under low temperature conditions. The plastic mold steel requires a high surface finish, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high thermal conductivity, machinability, polishing, etching properties.
"According to the comparison of plastic mold technology at home and abroad, the life expectancy of quenched steel abroad is between 1.6 million and 3 million times, and only 500,000 to 1 million times at home. The life of unquenched steel molds is also only half that of foreign countries. The quality of steel products is responsible for this situation. One of the reasons," said Zhou Yongtai.
In addition, there are few new types of domestic mold steels. In recent years, some well-known foreign mold steel production companies have developed many new mold steel products, such as high strength and toughness mold steel, dh13, dh53, flame quenching mold steel, powder metallurgy cold mold steel, etc. These high-performance mold steel has become the current international Typical brand products for the mold market. In contrast, there are few new high-performance mold steels made in China, and there are few new steel molds developed.
There is not a complete variety of specifications. For example, plastic mold steel, which accounts for 60% of the amount of mold steel, has only two steel grades in China's alloy tool steel standards, while the United States has seven steel grades and forms a complete series of steel products. Countries such as the United States, Japan, France, and Switzerland have formed series in cold work die steels and hot work die steels, and only hot work die steels have six fixed common types, which are less than that of home-made die steels.
In the face of the crisis, the “Adjustment and Revitalization Plan for the Equipment Manufacturing Industry†passed by the State Council regards upgrading the technology level of molds and manufacturing equipment as its key content, and the related mold projects in the national 16 major science and technology specialties basic equipment functional components projects. It also reflects the important position of the mold industry in the manufacturing industry. Experts in the industry believe that the central government’s stimulus plan to boost domestic demand also presents opportunities for the mold market that is experiencing difficulties.
How to seize the business opportunities of the 4 trillion yuan total investment in construction projects and turn them into real orders for the mold industry? Experts from the China Die and Mould Industry Association pointed out that in the face of unprecedented opportunities, the most basic problem in the development of China's mold industry is to solve the backward status of mold materials and mold-related technologies.
New Opportunities Bring New Challenges “Mold material properties, quality, and variety often affect mold quality, life, and cost. Compared with imported steel, domestic mold steel has a large gap between quality and variety.†China Mold Zhou Yongtai, executive director and senior engineer of the industrial association, admitted in an interview with this reporter.
Taking the automotive mold as an example, the rapid development of China's automobile industry and mold industry put forward higher and newer requirements on the quantity, quality, variety, and performance of mold materials. For example, users of high-standard mold steel materials require very good impact. Toughness, residual element control, high quality, long life, etc.
Because of the variety, specification, quality and performance of the domestic steel, there is still a certain gap between it and the international advanced level, leading to 25% of China's annual high-grade mold must be imported from abroad.
According to Feng Yingyu, general manager of one wins 100 (Beijing) Co., Ltd., a car from microelectronic components to bodywork, tires, etc., contains plastic, glass, copper, aluminum, steel and other components of various strengths and surface states, and this In the production process of any auto parts, if the physical properties, appearance quality, etc. of each part are required to fully meet the design requirements, the quality of the mold must be guaranteed. The user of the mold firstly requires that the mold must not completely fail, that is, the mold must not be cracked as a whole.
Second, the mold user requires that the first and last auto parts have the same physical properties, appearance, and dimensional tolerances, so the mold material must ensure sufficient strength.
Feng Yingyu stated that with the development of lightweight vehicles, the production of die castings tends to use higher pressure, more automatic die casting machines to produce, and therefore, the working conditions of the die are getting worse, which requires that the die materials have excellent red at the same time. Hard (high temperature yield strength) and ductility (plasticity).
“Mold steel is indeed a problem for mold manufacturers, especially for those manufacturers of large and medium-sized molds. For example, large-mold mold steels, domestic mold steels have low selectability and reliability and cannot meet time requirements. Very tight project, so mold manufacturers have to use the imported mold steel with higher cost." Yanfeng Visteon Automotive Decoration Co., Ltd. Die General Manager Wang Yaping thinks so.
New Challenges Underscore Large Gap In the face of a huge market that has just emerged, domestic steel companies are full of emotion and guilt: At present, domestic mold steel can not fully meet the needs of the domestic mold industry.
According to the person in charge of the Mold Materials Committee of the China Die & Mould Industry Association, the domestic mold steel market has lagged behind the development of the mold industry, and it is still not well adapted to the needs of the mold manufacturing industry, mainly in the following aspects:
The first is that the production process of die steel is backward and the quality of steel is poor. For example, the intrinsic quality of domestic common mold steel h13, d2, ld and other varieties can reach the American mold steel general standard astma681, which is an international standard and can basically meet the needs of general mold users at home and abroad. However, the high requirements imposed on users of high-standard die steels, such as impact toughness, residual elemental control of carbides, and high-quality long-life requirements, cannot be satisfied at present. For example, cold work tool steels require various properties such as wear resistance, plastic deformation resistance, chipping resistance, crack resistance of the entire part, machinability, and grindability under low temperature conditions. The plastic mold steel requires a high surface finish, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high thermal conductivity, machinability, polishing, etching properties.
"According to the comparison of plastic mold technology at home and abroad, the life expectancy of quenched steel abroad is between 1.6 million and 3 million times, and only 500,000 to 1 million times at home. The life of unquenched steel molds is also only half that of foreign countries. The quality of steel products is responsible for this situation. One of the reasons," said Zhou Yongtai.
In addition, there are few new types of domestic mold steels. In recent years, some well-known foreign mold steel production companies have developed many new mold steel products, such as high strength and toughness mold steel, dh13, dh53, flame quenching mold steel, powder metallurgy cold mold steel, etc. These high-performance mold steel has become the current international Typical brand products for the mold market. In contrast, there are few new high-performance mold steels made in China, and there are few new steel molds developed.
There is not a complete variety of specifications. For example, plastic mold steel, which accounts for 60% of the amount of mold steel, has only two steel grades in China's alloy tool steel standards, while the United States has seven steel grades and forms a complete series of steel products. Countries such as the United States, Japan, France, and Switzerland have formed series in cold work die steels and hot work die steels, and only hot work die steels have six fixed common types, which are less than that of home-made die steels.
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