I. Overview Microwave vacuum drying equipment is a microwave energy technology and vacuum technology combined with a new type of microwave energy application equipment, which combines both microwave and vacuum drying a series of advantages to overcome the shortcomings of the conventional vacuum drying cycle length, low efficiency, In the general material drying process, than conventional methods to improve efficiency 4 to 10 times. With high dry yield, good quality, low processing costs, microwave vacuum drying equipment is a collection of electronics, vacuum, mechanics, thermodynamics, programmed control and other disciplines as one of the high-tech products, is in the drying process In the physical changes of matter, internal and external heat and mass exchange and the vacuum under the conditions of water migration process in-depth study, based on the development of a new technology, new technology. In industrialized large-scale production, many articles can not be dried under high temperature conditions. For example, some high-end Chinese herbal medicines such as medicines, chemicals, nutritious foods and ginseng and velvet antler have to be dried at less than 100 Deg.] C or at room temperature, it is well-known that the pressure drops and the boiling point of the water decreases. For example, the boiling point of water is 100 ° C at one atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa) and the boiling point of water is 0.073 at 7.37 kpa 40 ° C. Under vacuum conditions, the heating of the object can make the object within the water without warming evaporation. Due to the convection heat transfer under vacuum is difficult, only by means of heat conduction to the material to provide heat. Conventional vacuum drying method heat transfer slow, low efficiency, and temperature control difficult. Microwave heating is a radiant heating, microwave and material directly effect, so that it is heated inside and outside, without convection or conduction to transfer heat, so the heating speed, high drying efficiency, easy temperature control. Developed countries in the world in the 1980s has begun the development of industrial microwave vacuum drying equipment, and achieved good results in practical applications. French international microwave company with microwave vacuum drying equipment processing seedless raisins, the traditional process 65 ℃, 24 hours hot air drying to 50 ℃, 5 hours microwave vacuum drying, product quality and yield have greatly increased. In the late nineties, my unit took the lead in China to start research and development of microwave vacuum equipment, through years of efforts, in 2000 completed the development of industrial 10KW microwave vacuum drying equipment. For the pharmaceutical engineering, bio-engineering, chemical engineering, materials engineering and deep processing of agricultural by-products provide a new and efficient drying equipment. Second, the advantages of microwave vacuum drying equipment 1, high efficiency conventional vacuum drying equipment are steam heating, you need to heat from inside to outside, slow heating requires a lot of coal, and microwave vacuum drying equipment is used electromagnetic heating, Without heat transfer medium, directly heated inside the object, the heating rate is fast, 1 kilowatts of microwave energy within 3-5 minutes at room temperature to 100 ℃ water, to avoid the above shortcomings, so the speed, high efficiency, drying cycle Greatly reduced, reduced energy consumption. Compared with conventional drying technology can improve work efficiency more than four times. 2, uniform heating due to microwave heating, from the inside to the outside of the material at the same time heating, the temperature difference between inside and outside the material is small, does not produce conventional heating occurs inconsistent internal and external heating conditions, resulting in puffing effect, which will help crush Drying quality greatly improved. 3, easy to control, convenient for continuous production and automation, due to microwave power can be quickly adjusted and inertia-free features, easy real-time control, you can arbitrarily adjust the temperature between 40 ℃ -100 ℃. 4, small size, easy installation and maintenance 5, product quality, compared with conventional methods, the quality of processed products have more substantial increase. 6, microwave disinfection, sterilization effect, product safety and health. Long shelf life. 7, significant economic benefits. From the above described features, energy saving, consumption reduction, product quality improvement, safety and health, equipment investment costs and other aspects can be seen from the obvious economic and social benefits. Third, the basic structure and working principle 1, microwave vacuum drying equipment used in the processing of precious medicinal herbs (omitted) Fourth, the circuit control design 1, the circuit block diagram (omitted) 5, the system design 1, the vacuum pump selection 2, material turntable Design 3, the whole machine thermal balance design 4, power regulation design 6, economic analysis Jiangxi pharmaceutical processing of various drying equipment, process performance, economic efficiency, product quality were compared, the drying indicators are as follows: Project dynamic microwave drying spray Drying Steam Vacuum drying Drying time 45 ~ 70 minutes 3 ~ 5 seconds 20 ~ 45 hours Drying temperature 45 ~ 60 degrees (optional) Into the air 180 degrees 50 to 60 degrees (difficult to control) Extract loss 0 2 ~ 5% 3 % Or more Water 4 ~ 5% 2 ~ 4% 4 ~ 6% Content loss 20 ~ 30% more than other equipment Decrease 20 ~ 30% Decrease 20 ~ 30% Output The same conditions Need 3 units Need 5 units Per kg dry Cream costs 0.4 to 0.5 yuan / kg 3 to 4 yuan / kg 3 to 4 yuan / kg Drying methods: Process Configuration The above can be seen: the lowest drying costs, the best benefit, small footprint equipment, When a vacuum dryer at 20 area% steam, 30% of the spray-drying equipment, significant savings in purification plant. Dynamic vacuum microwave dryer, not only for the face of Chinese herbal medicine health care products, food and chemical products, especially paste, the viscosity of the larger materials, more appropriate; also play a better role in killing bacteria. VII Conclusion The successful development of industrial microwave vacuum drying equipment has filled the domestic blank. This high-tech equipment has greatly promoted the development of national technology, especially the development of China's pharmaceutical industry, and will have a far-reaching impact on this. At the same time its successful development also opens up a broader field for the application of microwave energy. The successful development of the product made many breakthroughs in key technologies, and also put forward some theoretical basis and methods of design. In addition, it gained many valuable experiences in practice, laying a solid foundation for the further development of the technology. The actual operation shows that the equipment has excellent performance, advanced technology and reasonable design. It is a new technology and new product with remarkable economic benefits, good social benefits and high promotion value.
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